Betrayal in relationships—whether between parents and children, romantic partners, or close friends—occurs when someone you trust or depend on fails to protect you and instead causes harm. These betrayals can range from minor everyday violations to severe acts such as…
Many people grow up in families with less than ideal parenting. While abusive parental behaviour is relatively easy to identify, often the emotional damage may come from less obvious behaviours such as parental neglect, unrealistic or developmentally inappropriate expectations put…
Saying No is one of the main ways through which we delineate and maintain our personal boundaries. The concept that we can refuse something is central to maintaining healthy relationships and to our understanding of what we are and aren’t…
Guilt is one of several basic emotions (like anger, shame, sadness, love etc.) that all of us are wired to experience because it serves an important function. Typically, we would experience guilt in the following situations: Doing or thinking something…
Boundaries refer to our ability to set appropriate limits. When a person is confused about responsibility and ownership of their own choices and life, then we can talk about a problem of boundaries. Below are the three most common issues…
The ability to set appropriate personal limits and maintain them represents one of the most common issues I come across with clients. Generally speaking, the inability to set appropriate boundaries at appropriate times with the appropriate people can be very destructive…